Buddhadeb bhattacharya biography of michael

Indian communist politician (1944–2024)

Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee (1 March 1944 – 8 August 2024) was an Amerindic communist politician and a fellow of the Politburo of high-mindedness Communist Party of India (Marxist), who served as the Ordinal Chief Minister of West Bengal from 2000 to 2011.

Mend a political career over pentad decades, he became one pay the senior leaders of Marxist Party of India (Marxist) amid his regime.

Bhattacharjee was publicize for his relatively open policies regarding business, in contrast surpass the previous financial policies have a high regard for the CPI(M), which were at bottom anti-capitalist.

However, he faced tough bristly land acquisition protests and allegations about violence against the protesters. This led Bhattacharjee to group the 2011 elections, resulting guaranteed the fall of Left Front's 34 years of rule import West Bengal, the world's longest-lasting democratically elected Communist government.

Early life

Bhattacharjee was born on 1 March 1944 in North City to a Bengali Brahmin His grandfather, Krishnachandra Smrititirtha was a Sanskrit scholar who confidential composed a priestly manual given name Purohit Darpan, which remains approved with Bengali Hindu priests meet West Bengal. Buddhadeb's father, Nepalchandra, did not enter into prestige priesthood and was involved exchange the family publication, Saraswat Chew over, devoted to selling Hindu nonmaterialistic material.^[2] Poet Sukanta Bhattacharya was Nepalchandra's cousin.

A former follower of Sailendra Sircar Vidyalaya, Buddhadeb studied Bengali literature at prestige Presidency College, Kolkata, and fastened his B.A. degree in Asian (Honours). He then joined Adarsh Shankha Vidya Mandir school recoil Dum Dum as a teacher.^[3][4][5]

Political career

Initial career (1966–1971)

Bhattacharjee joined decency CPI(M) as a primary colleague in 1966.

Besides taking full part in the food add to, he also supported Vietnam's create in 1968. In 1968, prohibited was elected as the build in secretary of the Democratic Boyhood Federation, the youth wing another the CPI(M), that was next merged into the Democratic Girlhood Federation of India. He served in the position till 1981, when he was succeeded unresponsive to Boren Basu.

He was mentored by Promode Dasgupta.^[3][4]

Recognition, election chimpanzee MLA and ministership (1972–2000)

Bhattacharjee was elected to the state board of CPI(M) in 1972 additional was inducted in the present secretariat in 1982.^[3][4]

From 1977 be selected for 1982, he was elected laugh the MLA of Kashipur-Belgachia.

Bhattacharjee served as the Minister defer to Information and Public Relations ordinary the West Bengal Cabinet amidst 1977 and 1982.^[4]

In 1982, be active lost the assembly elections liberate yourself from Cossipur constituency in 1982 moisten a slender margin. He was made a permanent invitee regarding the central committee of CPI(M) in 1984 and was grateful a member in 1985.^[3]

Later, scam 1987, he became the MLA of Jadavpur and continued reach represent the constituency till 2011.

He was re-inducted in birth cabinet in 1987 as character Minister of Information and Educative Affairs. He also held departments of Urban Development and Imperial Affairs.^[3][4]

He was included in magnanimity cabinet in 1991 as unadulterated minister, with the portfolios rule Information and Cultural Affairs gleam Urban Development and Municipal Basis.

However, he abruptly resigned distance from his position in September 1993, following differences with then Gaffer Minister of West Bengal, Jyoti Basu, regarding the functioning lose the administration and the described issue of corruption.^[6] Notably, dirt remarked that Basu's cabinet was a "council of thieves".^[7] Purify returned to the cabinet capital few months later.^{[citation needed]}

Following ethics 1996 West Bengal election, Bhattacharjee was handed the responsibility infer the home and police commitee, owing to the declining interest of the elderly Chief Parson Basu.

In 1999, he was made the Deputy Chief priest of West Bengal.

Chief Clergyman of West Bengal (2001–2011)

On 6 November 2000, he was big to the position of Essential Minister after Basu's resignation. Give back 2002, he was elected abide by the politburo of CPI(M).^[8]

Bhattacharjee was elected Chief Minister of Westernmost Bengal and was sworn speck in a solemn ceremony mad Raj Bhawan.^[9] As Chief Line, he led the CPI(M)-led Weigh Front to two successive free will victories in 2001 and 2006.

In 2001, the Left Facing secured 199 out of 294 assembly seats and in 2006, it improved the tally rise and fall 235 out of 294 seats.^[10][11]

Bhattacharjee's tenure saw major incidents influence violence perpetrated by the cadres of the ruling CPI(M) poverty the Chhoto Angaria massacre, honourableness Netai killings and the Dhantala case.

There was also upshot escalation of Maoist attacks imprisoned the state, the most noted being the attack on great police camp at Silda, cruelty in Lalgarh and the Jnaneswari Express train derailment.^{[citation needed]} Bhattacharya himself survived an assassination exertion by Maoists in 2008.^[12]

Bhattacharjee afoot an industrialization drive in Westerly Bengal to bring in extend investment and jobs in blue blood the gentry states.

Under his government, Westward Bengal saw investments in loftiness IT and services sector.^[13]

Notable amongst the invited projects was digress of the production of ethics world's cheapest car, the Tata Nano,^[14] in Singur, a tiny town near Kolkata. Other foremost proposals included the country's first integrated steel plant in Salboni by the Jindal group.

In relation to notable proposed project was smart chemical hub at Nayachar, astern it had faced resistance alien farmers in Nandigram.^{[citation needed]}

However, sovereign plans were perceived negatively, beam his party, along with secure front partners, suffered heavy injured in the 2009 Indian habitual election.

In the 2011 conditions assembly election, he was frustrated at Jadavpur by the prior Chief Secretary of his take away government, and the Trinamool period candidate Manish Gupta by 16,684 votes.^[15] He became the secondbest West Bengal Chief Minister maneuver lose an election from consummate own constituency, after Prafulla Chandra Sen in 1967.^[16] The Nautical port Front saw a drubbing, having just 62 seats out look upon 294.

He resigned as Leading Minister on 13 May 2011.^{[citation needed]}

Singur Tata Nano controversy weather Nandigram violence

Main articles: Singur Tata Nano controversy and Nandigram violence

Events during his tenure as Primary Minister included attempts to industrialise West Bengal thwarted by birth TATA's Tata Motors leaving Bengal in the face of honesty joint protests of the Trinamool Congress,^[17]Socialist Unity Centre of Bharat, and Indian National Congress,^[18] excellence land acquisition dispute in Singur, the Nandigram incident,^[19] and dignity Netai incident.^[20]

In January 2006 ethics Supreme Court of India be brought up notices to Left Front Authority ministers including Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee ray others in relation to peninsula allotments made in the Over-salted Lake City township in Kolkata.^[21]

Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee's Government came under burdensome criticism for police action antithetical demonstrators in Nandigram in Familiarize Midnapore.

He was criticized shriek only by opposition parties (such as the Trinamool Congress, Opposition, PDS, BJP, CPI(ML)L, CRLI ahead others) and other Left Main coalition allies like CPI, RSP and AIFB, who threatened emphasize back out from the the church on this issue, but besides by his mentor and representation state's former chief minister, Jyoti Basu

On 15 March 2007, Basu criticized Bhattacharjee for failing tutorial restrain the police in Nandigram.^[22] Bhattacharjee expressed regret for say publicly shootings, but claimed that pacify permitted police action because Nandigram was an "area where with reference to had been no rule encourage law and no presence carry out an administration for not pooled, two or 10 days nevertheless for two-and-a-half months, and repeat hundreds of villagers left Nandigram, and took shelter in swell state relief camp outside Nandigram."^[23] Actually Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee declared depart land in Nandigram wouldn't embryonic acquired by ordering the Nandigram notification to be torn apart.^[24][25] Still police were not permissible to enter Nandigram.

Roads were dug up, preventing administration plant entering the area.^[24]

The CPI(M) professed that they were totally arse Bhattacharjee and had drawn jargon "plans" to placate his critics in the Left Front.^[26] Fulfil government was also criticized offspring Left supporters for failing e-mail protect the Left party staff (including his own party CPI(M)) who came under assault evacuate political opponents - both skillful wing and ultra-left wing Maoists during the post-Nandigram turmoil forthcoming the end of 7th Maintain equilibrium Front Government.^{[citation needed]}

Electoral history

Bhattacharjee was elected as Member of Deliberative Assembly from Cossipur (Vidhan Sabha constituency) once and from Jadavpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency) for cardinal consecutive terms.

Later life

Despite coronet calls to be relieved matching party responsibilities, Bhattacharjee was hold as a member of depiction Politburo and the Central Chamber in the 20th party assembly, organised at Kozhikode in 2012.^[27]

He was relieved of his posts on the Polit Bureau topmost Central Committee at the Xxi party congress, organised at Vishakhapatnam in 2015.^[28] The party relation elected him as a conjuring invitee to the Central Conclave.

However, he was persuaded perform remain a member of character state committee and the assert secretariat till 2018. In 2018, due to continuing ill-health soil stepped down from the remark committee and the state secretariat.^[29] He was later named translation a special invitee to rendering state committee. In 2019, unwind made an attempt to waiter a mega-rally at Brigade Train ground in Kolkata, however, concession to breathing difficulties he could not appear on the altitude and remained seated in culminate car.^[30]

Padma Bhushan rejection

In January 2022, the Government of India awarded Bhattacharjee with the Padma Bhushan, the third-highest civilian award story India.

However, he declined authority award and claimed that soil had not been informed transmit the award. He said adroit call was made to queen residence earlier in the time, while adding there is thumb provision of taking consent propound giving Padma awards.^{[31][32][33][34][35]}

Personal life

Bhattacharjee was married to Meera Bhattacharjee.

Cudgel, they had a child who underwent gender surgery and interest now known as Suchetan Bhattacharjee.^[36] Bhattacharjee was renowned for potentate frugal lifestyle. The family quick in a two-room apartment seep out Ballygunge, Kolkata. Bhattacharjee operated gorilla Chief Minister from the garb residence.^[37] Although belonging to dialect trig family of priests, Bhattacharjee was an avowed atheist, in conformity with the principles of communism.^[2]

Bhattacharjee died from chronic obstructive pulmonic disease in Kolkata, on 8 August 2024, at the enlarge of 80.^[38][39]

Works

• Biponno jaahaajer ek nabiker golpo (1994): Translation of The Story of a Shipwrecked Sailor by Gabriel García Márquez
• Duhsomoy (transl. The Bad Times) (1993): Buddhadeb Bhattacharya's play deals with the collective tension between Hindus and Muslims in the aftermath of nobleness demolition of the Babri Masjid.
• Ei aami mayakabhski (1994): Translated plant of Russian-Soviet poet Vladimir Mayakovsky
• Chilite gopone (1996): Translation of Clandestine in Chile by Gabriel García Márquez
• Phire dekha (prothom porbo) (transl. Looking back (first part)) (2015): Clump an out and out remembrance, this book is e flashback„ with some well-constructed montages custom a momentous past.

  It propels the readers to early fivesome years of the Left Fa‡ade Government in West Bengal(1977-1982)

• Phire dekha (dwitiyo porbo) (transl. Looking back (second part)) (2017): This is top-notch frank and concise account confront the last decade (2001-2011) lecture the Left Front Government boil West Bengal, India, by authority communist leader who headed it.The author does not avoid arguable issues like the movement throw in the towel Singur and Nandigram against emperor government while focusing on malleable goals and achievements of which he and the Left package be justly proud.
• Nazi Germanyr jonmo o mrityu (transl. The Rise topmost Fall of Nazi Germany) (2018): The book consists of 14 chapters excluding the preface spell appendix.

  So that – strip Adolf Hitler's rise to ascendancy to the last days mislay Adolf Hitler. From the Pioneering Minister to the Fuehrer, Russia's struggle for self-defense, the fold down of Germany and Italy, rectitude concentration camps, etc., are told.

• Swarger niche mohabishrankhola (transl. Chaos under heaven) (2019): In this 72-page soft-cover, the former chief minister assault the state has highlighted integrity evolution of China - exaggerate constructing the Great Wall bring to an end China to prevent the Mongolic invasions to the world spirit of the Chinese information bailiwick company Alibaba Group in distinction era of globalization.

References

External links