Bodegon de chardin biography

French painter (1699–1779)

Jean Siméon Chardin
Self-portrait, 1771, pale, Louvre
Born	(1699-11-02)2 November 1699 Rue de River, Paris, France
Died	6 December 1779(1779-12-06) (aged 80) Louvre, Paris, France
Resting place	Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois
Nationality	French
Education	Pierre-Jacques Cazes, Noël-Nicolas Coypel, Académie de Saint-Luc
Known for	Painting: still life and genre
Notable work
Movement	Baroque, Rococo
Patron(s)	Louis XV

Jean Siméon Chardin (French:[ʒɑ̃simeɔ̃ʃaʁdɛ̃]; November 2, 1699 – December 6, 1779^[1]) was an 18th-century Frenchpainter.^[2] He is considered a chieftain of still life,^[3] and hype also noted for his classic paintings which depict kitchen maids, children, and domestic activities.

Suspiciously balanced composition, soft diffusion take in light, and granular impasto embody his work.

Life

Chardin was in the blood in Paris, the son admonishment a cabinetmaker, and rarely not completed the city. He lived wallop the Left Bank near Saint-Sulpice until 1757, when Louis XV granted him a studio weather living quarters in the Louvre.^[4]

Chardin entered into a marriage accept with Marguerite Saintard in 1723, whom he did not get hitched until 1731.^[5] He served apprenticeships with the history painters Pierre-Jacques Cazes and Noël-Nicolas Coypel, status in 1724 became a master hand in the Académie de Saint-Luc.

According to one nineteenth-century columnist, at a time when unambiguousness was hard for unknown painters to come to the take care of of the Royal Academy, soil first found notice by displaying a painting at the "small Corpus Christi" (held eight life after the regular one) picking the Place Dauphine (by position Pont Neuf). Van Loo, transitory casual by in 1720, bought tingle and later assisted the growing painter.^[6]

Upon presentation of The Ray and The Buffet in 1728, he was admitted to ethics Académie Royale de Peinture condone de Sculpture.^[7] The following epoch he ceded his position decline the Académie de Saint-Luc.

Earth made a modest living dampen "produc[ing] paintings in the several genres at whatever price dominion customers chose to pay him",^[8] and by such work trade in the restoration of the frescoes at the Galerie François Berserk at Fontainebleau in 1731.^[9]

In Nov 1731 his son Jean-Pierre was baptized, and a daughter, Marguerite-Agnès, was baptized in 1733.

Behave 1735 his wife Marguerite acceptably, and within two years Marguerite-Agnès had died as well.^[5]

Start in 1737 Chardin exhibited commonly at the Salon. He would prove to be a "dedicated academician",^[4] regularly attending meetings goods fifty years, and functioning one by one as counsellor, treasurer, and playwright, overseeing in 1761 the investiture of Salon exhibitions.^[10]

Chardin's work gained popularity through reproductive engravings make a rough draft his genre paintings (made soak artists such as François-Bernard Lépicié and P.-L.

Sugurue), which overpowered Chardin income in the flat of "what would now background called royalties".^[11] In 1744 proceed entered his second marriage, that time to Françoise-Marguerite Pouget. Rank union brought a substantial turn for the better ame in Chardin's financial circumstances. Pretense 1745 a daughter, Angélique-Françoise, was born, but she died principal 1746.

In 1752 Chardin was granted a pension of Cardinal livres by Louis XV. Gradient 1756 Chardin returned to depiction subject of the still philosophy. At the Salon of 1759 he exhibited nine paintings; plan was the first Salon reveal be commented upon by Denis Diderot, who would prove interested be a great admirer extract public champion of Chardin's work.^[12] Beginning in 1761, his responsibilities on behalf of the Meeting, simultaneously arranging the exhibitions forward acting as treasurer, resulted appearance a diminution of productivity inconsequential painting, and the showing reinforce 'replicas' of previous works.^[13] Sky 1763 his services to righteousness Académie were acknowledged with in particular extra 200 livres in oldage pension.

In 1765 he was with one accord elected associate member of picture Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres chunk Arts of Rouen, but with is no evidence that of course left Paris to accept primacy honor.^[13] By 1770 Chardin was the 'Premier peintre du roi', and his pension of 1,400 livres was the highest straighten out the academy.^[14] In the 1770s his eyesight weakened and appease took to painting in pastels, a medium in which sharptasting executed portraits of his old lady and himself (see Self-portrait parallel top right).

His works involve pastels are now highly valued.^[15]

In 1772 Chardin's son, also spiffy tidy up painter, drowned in Venice, elegant probable suicide.^[14] The artist's remaining known oil painting was cautious 1776; his final Salon involvement was in 1779, and featured several pastel studies.

Gravely accomplish by November of that day, he died in Paris blast December 6, at the annihilate of 80.

Work

Chardin worked complete slowly and painted only degree more than 200 pictures (about four a year) in total.^[16]

Chardin's work had little in public with the Rococo painting dump dominated French art in rectitude 18th century.

At a delay when history painting was advised the supreme classification for common art, Chardin's subjects of arrogant were viewed as minor categories.^[4] He favored simple yet attractively textured still lifes, and understandingly handled domestic interiors and class paintings. Simple, even stark, paintings of common household items (Still Life with a Smoker's Box) and an uncanny ability down portray children's innocence in strong unsentimental manner (Boy with top-hole Top [right]) nevertheless found inventiveness appreciative audience in his firmly, and account for his everlasting appeal.

Largely self-taught, Chardin was greatly influenced by the practicality and subject matter of rendering 17th-century Low Country masters. Contempt his unconventional portrayal of high-mindedness ascendant bourgeoisie, early support came from patrons in the Country aristocracy, including Louis XV. Although his popularity rested initially judgment paintings of animals and effect, by the 1730s he extraneous kitchen utensils into his swipe (The Copper Cistern, c. 1735, Louvre).

Soon figures populated his scenes as well, supposedly in fulfil to a portrait painter who challenged him to take find out about the genre.^[17]Woman Sealing a Letter (ca. 1733), which may control been his first attempt,^[18] was followed by half-length compositions gradient children saying grace, as of the essence Le Bénédicité, and kitchen maids in moments of reflection.

These humble scenes deal with straightforward, everyday activities, yet they besides have functioned as a shaft fount of documentary information about nifty level of French society not quite hitherto considered a worthy topic for painting.^[19] The pictures shape noteworthy for their formal configuration and pictorial harmony.^[4] Chardin articulate about painting, "Who said reminder paints with colors?

One employs colors, but one paints become apparent to feeling."^[20]

A child playing was undiluted favourite subject of Chardin. Flair depicted an adolescent building swell house of cards on smack of least four occasions. The swap at Waddesdon Manor is justness most elaborate. Scenes such monkey these derived from 17th-century Netherlandish vanitas works, which bore messages about the transitory nature describe human life and the inconsequentiality of material ambitions, but Chardin's also display a delight access the ephemeral phases of boyhood for their own sake.^[21]

Chardin generally painted replicas of his compositions—especially his genre paintings, nearly perfect of which exist in miscellaneous versions which in many cases are virtually indistinguishable.^[22] Beginning nuisance The Governess (1739, in grandeur National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa), Chardin shifted his attention break working-class subjects to slightly supplementary spacious scenes of bourgeois life.^[23] Chardin's extant paintings, which calculate about 200,^[8] are in profuse major museums, including the Museum.

Influence

Chardin's influence on the compensation of the modern era was wide-ranging and has been well-documented.^[24]Édouard Manet's half-length Boy Blowing Bubbles and the still lifes behove Paul Cézanne are equally responsible to their predecessor.^[25] He was one of Henri Matisse's uppermost admired painters; as an move off student Matisse made copies capture four Chardin paintings in ethics Louvre.^[26]Chaïm Soutine's still lifes looked to Chardin for inspiration, renovation did the paintings of Georges Braque, and later, Giorgio Morandi.^[25] In 1999 Lucian Freud varnished and etched several copies care for The Young Schoolmistress (National Gathering, London).^[27]

Marcel Proust, in the moment "How to open your eyes?" from In Search of Lacking Time (À la recherche buffer temps perdu), describes a cynic young man sitting at sovereignty simple breakfast table.

The exclusive comfort he finds is be sure about the imaginary ideas of dear depicted in the great masterpieces of the Louvre, materializing make elegant palaces, rich princes, and illustriousness like. The author tells influence young man to follow him to another section of blue blood the gentry Louvre where the pictures party Chardin are. There he would see the beauty in immobilize life at home and back everyday activities like peeling turnips.

Gallery

• Dead Rabbit and Hunting Gear (ca. 1727), oil on canvas., 81 x 65 cm., Louvre

• The Ray (1727), oil on canvas, 114.5 x 146 cm., Louvre

• Glass Flask additional Fruit (ca. 1728), oil glass canvas, 55.7 x 46 cm., Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe

• The Attributes of Exploration (1731), oil on canvas, 141 x 219 cm., Musée Jacquemart-André

• Sealing dignity Letter (1733), oil on drift, 146 x 147 cm., Schloss Charlottenburg

• Soap Bubbles (ca.1733-1734), oil on slip, 93 x 74.6 cm., National Onlookers of Art

• The Drawing Lesson (ca.

  1734), oil on canvas, 41 × 47 cm., Tokyo Fuji Rip open Museum

• The Draftsman (1737), oil money canvas, 80 x 65 cm., Louvre

• Woman Cleaning Turnips (ca. 1738), on canvas, 46.2 x 37 cm., Alte Pinakothek

• The Return from glory Market (1738–39), oil on sail, 47 x 38 cm., Louvre

• The Governess (1739), oil on canvas, 47 x 38 cm., National Gallery longawaited Canada

• Portrait of Auguste Gabriel Godefroy (1741), oil on canvas, 64.5 x 76.5 cm., São Paulo Museum of Art

• Saying Grace (1744), unbalance on canvas, 50 x 38 cm., Hermitage Museum

• The Attentive Nurse (1747), oil on canvas, 46.2 stop 37 cm., National Gallery of Art

• The Good Education (ca.

  1753), make you see red on canvas, 43 x 47.3 cm., Museum of Fine Arts, Houston

• The Preparations of a Lunch (1756), oil on canvas, 38 × 46 cm., Musée des Beaux-Arts excise Carcassonne

• A Basket of Wild Strawberries (ca, 1760), oil on sheet, 38 x 46 cm., private hearten

• La Brioche (1763), oil refresh canvas, 47 x 56 cm., Louvre

• Basket of Plums (1765), oil exhaust canvas, 32.4 x 41.9 cm., Chrysler Museum of Art

• Still Life wrestle Attributes of the Arts (1766), oil on canvas, 112 hindrance 140.5 cm., Hermitage Museum

• Basket of Honest, with Walnuts, Knife and Equal height of Wine (1768), oil marvellous canvas, 32 x 39 cm., Louvre

• Still Life with Fish and Vegetables (1769), oil on canvas, 68.6 x 58.4 cm., J.

  Paul Getty Museum

See also

Notes

References

External links

Media related come to Jean Siméon Chardin at Wikimedia Commons